Why does Holden fear adulthood? Essay -- English Literature

Why does Holden fear adulthood? The novel catcher in the rye is set in the 1950’s and is narrated by a young boy called Holden Caulfield who is sixteen years old. He tells the story between the end of his school term and Christmas break. We know he is in a mental hospital and is telling the story of a few days he spent in New York city, he shares his feelings, emotions and opinions against the world surrounding him. Holden Caulfield, he is a person who feels the need to be in control of everything in his life, but the problem comes when he finds himself in the transition between childhood and adulthood. Holden wants and tries to act like an adult, but is unable to accept the fact he is becoming one, perhaps because of his association of adulthood with phonies and all he hates. By being in the stage where he is, he manages to avoid change, control his world with his own hands, yet creates a paradox between what he is, and what he wants to be. Possibly the main reason to why Holden doesn’t want to become an adult is his perception of †phoniness† and hypocrisy surrounding adult society. Holden shows his criticism towards most of the grownups who intervene in his life, specially those related to his schools. We can take Ossenburger as an example, he represents everything Holden hates, wealthy famous character who for Holden only gives phony speeches on how to live life. â€Å"He said he talked to Jesus all the time. Even when he was driving his car. That killed me, I can just see the big phony bastard shifting into first gear and asking Jesus to send him a few more stiffs† (Pg 17). This is just one of many examples Holden sees as fake. Phoniness is his main concern against society. Holden lacks the capa... ...and wanted to be an adult. Holden fears becoming an adult in mind and heart, but wants to become one in his actions. He wants to be safe but take chances. It’s a battle between childhood and adulthood, between innocence and phoniness. This battle is what has made Holden’s world an illusion, what has made him a madman. Holden fears landing form his illusion, becoming what he despises, knowing his protection is lost and knowing he is vulnerable to the world. What we see in Holden is probably not uncommon at all, he wishes to be a child at mind where it satisfies him internally but an adult in his actions, just like everyone, they get the side of the situation which satisfies them most. We never see what Holden becomes, but we see how his paradoxical way of acting and thinking is just a reflection of his fear of taking the full step into the adult society.

Manager interview paper

The success or failure of an organization highly depends on how the manager drives the people to achieve effectiveness. The study is conducted to identify the general responsibilities of a manager and how the manager handle its people in order to leverage them to move forward and dream big for the organization. The study will highlight the day-to-day activities and responsibilities of a manager based on existing concepts and theories. It will also try to assess how a manager will approach various problems of employees in attaining success of the organization. The selected manager is currently a Manager of a Natural Resource Management Program implemented in different regions. He has been in the program as a manager for eight years now. He handles 20 people who are under different positions such as Finance Officer, Administrative Staff, Researcher, Social Marketing and   Events Organizer and General Services. †¢ General Background and Responsibilities Different roles and responsibilities of a manager were ascertained in the course of the interview. The manager has been in the business for 10 years but assigned as manager for eight years. The interview evolved into the responsibilities of a manager. The top most tasks or duties of a manager are to select, supervise, and support a team. This looks like a little responsibility but this spells a lot especially that the objective is to manage and supervise the program efficiently. Selecting is one of the difficult parts as a manager. This is where the manager matches the job of the person into the skills and abilities. Before assigning a certain person in a job the person applying for a position are thoroughly selected and deliberated. It is not easy assigning a person with a job that is not suited to his abilities and skills or the objectives of the organization may fail. The second top of the responsibility of a manager is plan and supervise. A clear plan with clear strategies is needed in starting up an organization that leads to accomplishment. The plan matters in any way and anyhow. This is like a â€Å"diary† of every manager in implementing and monitoring the program itself.   After selecting an appropriate person in a job suited to him it is now the task of the manager to supervise him and teach him with the organization’s strategies in order to deliver his outputs properly. The manager sees to it that the work being done by his subordinates is appropriate and accurate. Another task related to this is supervising the selected employees to do their work expected from them. The third task is support, which is equally important with other responsibilities. This is where the manager develops the sense of belongingness of an employee in a certain organization because of always reminding to them that they are part of the organization and that any success or failure would also be their success or otherwise. Trainings, seminars and other skill enhancing activities are done to develop more their skills. Support given to the employees is always maintained. In relation to this also, open communication between the employees and the manager is extended. Being a manager is not an easy task. The day-to-day meeting with the higher bosses and the meeting with the staff is a job that requires patience and endurance. Everyday the manager is faced with different problems may it be technical, financial and even personal problems from the employees. The most liked part of being a manager is the privilege to any sort of privileges. The manager always travels, meet new people, attend conferences and among others. This is like the But one of the least liked parts of it is managing employees. And sometimes much harder is managing employees with attitude. This is the hardest part because they are the fuel to the organization’s success. †¢ Managing Employees The manager handles 20 employees who are holding different positions. These positions require diverse skills, abilities and talents. These in turn should be given attention in order to be enhanced and attain growth not only for the benefit of the employee but of the organization as well. Managing the employees is one of the hardest parts to do. The organization especially the manager is tasked to carefully manage its people, motivate them in any way and lead them to where the organization wants it to be. Attaining success of the organization can be achieved if the workforce involved are suitably motivated and led with authority. Motivation. Motivation of employees to work harder is linked also with the performance appraisal. In performance appraisal, the employee is assessed accordingly based on its tasks and responsibilities to improve the quality of the work. Appraisal is often used with tools such as 360-degree feedback where everyone who is connected with the employee is asked to give their assessment to the person involved within the duration of the project. Results of this will be consolidated and identify certain strategies on how to maximize the strengths and improve weaknesses of employees. In motivation theory, rewards are given to the employee who has performed way above the expected from them. This may be in the form of salary increase, promotion from one position to a higher position or the equivalent of it in some offices. This is true with Mayo’s theory that an employee can do better in his job if there will be an open communication lines, teamwork and with interaction with the manager. Several theories came out like of Maslow’s five levels of need, Herzberg’s theory of motivators and de-motivators, Vroom’s theory on the good performance will reap rewards, and Skinner’s theory of reinforcement.   These are all worth contribution in refining the theories behind motivating an employee (Blair, 2005). Lead. The key to leadership is to lead. An employee must see with his own-two eyes that the leader they are going to follow possesses good leadership skills. Coaching is one way also of leading an employee. Not all of the topics are familiar with the newly hired employees and who are still struggling to blend with the group in an organization. This is the best way to teach and guide the employees to work hard and give their best in their endeavours. Develop skills of staff especially sending to trainings and workshops where the employee can voice out their issues. The word leadership should emanate from the manager itself to make the employee understand what leadership is. This should be coupled with authority. Another way of leading is ensuring that they get enough commensuration based on what they do not on number of hours they worked for it. Manages ethics and ethical accountability. In reprimanding someone because he did not do his job always emphasize that you are angry with the results of the work he handled and not of who he is as a person. Direct to the point conversations and giving feedback is highly appreciated by employees. Respect is always important in handling employees. This will gain also respect from the staff and later on it would not be too difficult to open up and voice out opinions of what the employee thinks. Much more to this is always delegating work to the subordinates. This is not just to lessen the jobs of a manager but also giving the employee the chance to grow and understand the things around him. This also contributes hugely to the self-esteem of the employee because the privilege to be part of the success of a certain project. Feedbacks from the staff are also important in making the organization work. This is one move to ensure that the strategies employed by the manager are working and relevant to the learnings of each and every employee. Conclusion I would still go back to what I have mentioned earlier: the success or failure of an organization is not on how the manager managed the project but how he has maximized the potentials of his employees to deliver accurate and quality outputs. Managing people is like accomplishing an unfinished puzzle. The managers have their own task to accomplish which is the same with the employees who are part of the project. But in making this endeavour a success the manger sees to it that his people are enriched, have grown and motivated to do the job accordingly. This is not because of the increase in the salary or a work promotion but this is done because working in a team is a sense of fulfilment. Managing people is not easy. Management also is not that easy. It can be learned through time. These ideas that have been inculcated in their minds that at the end of the day it is not â€Å"me† that matters but â€Å"we’. References Brandenburg, B. (2006). What Community manager does? Retrieved March 5, 2008 Website: http://www.vmmg.net Fairweather, A. (2006). Managing employees: How to reprimand. Retrieved March 5, 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Website www.businessknowhow.com/manage/reprimand.htm What Manager does? 2007. Retrieved March 6, 2008. Website:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://userwebs.cth.com.au/~gcutts/Management/1manager.html Blair,   G. (2005). What makes a Great Manager. Retrieved March 3, 2008. Website   http://www.see.ed.ac.uk/~gerard/Management/art9.html Employee Performance Improvement: Understanding Your Role as a Manager† (2003) Catalog No. TD11A8Q65, Corporate Executive Board, p. 19. Martin, K. J. and J. McConnell. (1989). Corporate Performance, Corporate Takeovers and Management Turnover, Working Paper at Purdue University.                               Appendices Manager Interview Form Section 1: General Background and Responsibilities 1. How long have you been with the company? How long have you held your current position? 2. What are the three most important tasks or duties that you are responsible for accomplishing in this job? 3. What do you like most about being a manager? What do you like least about being a manager?    Section 2: Managing Employees What are the objectives you want to achieve? Short term and long term? How many employees do you have? Is it difficult to handle people who are diverse? Are there any instances when you reprimanded employees just because they did not follow you? How do you treat problems like this? What are the motivating factors you employ? Do you give benefits/rewards to those employees who performed high? Why is that so? What have you done so far as a Manager in the policies regarding benefits and rewards of the employees? As a manager, how do you build confidence and self-esteem of staff? How do you build quality team to ensure output?

How to Conjugate the Verb Stare in Italian

â€Å"Stare† is used to talk about all things, from how you’re doing to where you’re at in Italy, so it’s best if you feel comfortable using this word in all its forms. What’s more, it’s an irregular verb, so it doesn’t follow the typical -are verb ending pattern. Below, you’ll find all of its conjugation tables as well as examples, so you can become more familiar with using stare. Definitions of Stare To beTo stayTo remainTo standTo be situatedTo liveTo be about to Stare in Italian It’s an intransitive verb, so it does not take a direct object.The infinito is â€Å"stare.†The participio passato is â€Å"stato.†The gerund form is â€Å"stando.†The past gerund form is â€Å"essendo stato.† Indicativo/Indicative​ Il presente io sto noi stiamo tu stai voi state lui, lei, Lei sta loro, Loro stanno Esempi: Sto bene, e tu? I’m good, and you? Maria sta buttando la pasta, ti fermi a pranzo con noi? Maria is about to cook pasta, are you going to have lunch with us? Il passato prossimo io sono stato/a noi siamo stati/e tu sei stato/a voi siete stati/e lui, lei, Lei à ¨ stato/a loro, Loro sono stati/e Esempi: Sono stata a Bologna ieri sera. I was in Bologna last night. Marco e Giulio sono stati davvero carini! Marco and Giulio were extremely nice! L’imperfetto io stavo noi stavamo tu stavi voi stavate lui, lei, Lei stava loro, Loro stavano Esempi: Che stavi facendo? What were you doing? Stavamo per partire quando ci ha chiamato Giulia. We were about to leave when Giulia called us. Il trapassato prossimo io ero stato/a noi eravamo stati/e tu eri stato/a voi eravate stati/e lui, lei, Lei era stato/a loro, Loro erano stati/e Esempi: Ho vissuto in Italia per 12 anni e non ero mai stato a Roma. I lived in Italy for 12 years and I had never been to Rome. Ero stato anche all’aeroporto, ma era già   partita. I also was at the airport, but she had already left. Il passato remoto io stetti noi stemmo tu stesti voi steste lui, lei, Lei stette loro, Loro stettero Esempi: Nel 1996, stetti a Londra per due settimane. In 1996, I stayed in London for two weeks. Stettrero ospiti a casa di Sandra durante il loro soggiorno a Milano. They stayed at Sandra’s during their stay in Milan. Il trapassato remoto io fui stato/a noi fummo stati/e tu fosti stato/a voi foste stati/e lui, lei, Lei fu stato/a loro, Loro furono stati/e This tense is rarely used, so don’t worry too much about mastering it. You’ll find it only in very sophisticated writing. Il futuro semplice io starà ² noi staremo tu starai voi starete lui, lei, Lei starà   loro, Loro staranno Esempi: Sà ¬, infatti, lui à ¨ malato, perà ² starà   bene fra un paio di giorni. Yes, in fact, he is sick, but he will be better in a couple of days. Starà ² pià ¹ attento, te lo prometto. I will pay more attention, I promise. Il futuro anteriore Io sarà ² stato/a noi saremo stati/e tu sarai stato/a voi sarete stati/e lui, lei, Lei sarà   stato/a loro, Loro saranno stati/e Esempi: Ho dimenticato di prenotare i biglietti? Sarà ² stato davvero stanco ieri sera. I forgot to book the tickets? I must have been really tired last night. Dov’era Giulia a sabato? Sarà   stata con suoi amici. Where was Giula on Saturday? She must have been with her friends. Congiuntivo/Subjunctive​ ï » ¿Il presente che io stia che noi stiamo che tu stia che voi stiate che lui, lei, Lei stia che loro, Loro stiano Esempi: Non so perchà © lui stia qua. I don’t know why he is here. Non penso che tu stia preparando abbastanza piatti. I don’t think you’re preparing enough dishes. Il passato io sia stato/a noi siamo stati/e tu sia stato/a voi siate stati/e lui, lei, Lei sia stato/a loro, Loro siano stati/e Esempi: Penso sia stato meglio cosà ¬. I think it was for the best. Credo proprio che siano stati accompagnati in taxi all’aereoporto. I really think they had been taken by taxi to the airport. L’imperfetto io stessi noi stessimo tu stessi voi steste lui, lei, Lei stesse loro, Loro stessero Esempi: Non pensavo che lui stesse alla festa. I didn’t know that he was at the party. Pensavo che stesse a dormire a casa tua. Sarei stato molto pià ¹ tranquillo! I thought she was sleeping at your place. I would have been a lot more relaxed! Il trapassato prossimo Io fossi stato/a noi fossimo stati/e tu fossi stato/a voi foste stati/e lui, lei, Lei fosse stato/a loro, Loro fossero stati/e Esempi: Se quel giorno fossi stato con lui, non sarebbe stato cosà ¬ triste. If I had been with him that day, he wouldn’t have been so sad. Se fossimo stati amici in quel periodo, ci saremmo divertiti un sacco! If we had been friends during that time, we would have had so much fun! Condizionale/Conditional​​ Il presente io starei noi staremmo tu staresti voi stareste lui, lei, Lei starebbe loro, Loro starebbero Esempi: Se io abitassi in Italia, starei meglio. If I were to live in Italy, I would be better. Se aveste finito i vostri compiti a quest’ora stareste al mare! If you had finished your homework, by this time you would be at the seaside! Il passato io sarei stato/a noi saremmo stati/e tu saresti stato/a voi sareste stati/e lui, lei, Lei sarebbe stato/a loro, Loro sarebbero stati/e Esempi: Sarei stata contenta se lui mi avesse regalato dei fiori. I would have been happy if he had given me some flowers. Non sarebbe stato possibile senza l’aiuto di Giulia. It wouldn’t have been possible without Giulia’s help. Imperativo/Imperative​​ Presente -- stiamo sta/stai/sa’ state stia stiano Stai zitto! Be quiet (informal)! Stia attenta! Pay attention (formal)!

Both Sides of Capital Punishment Essay - 1993 Words

Both Sides of Capital Punishment Murder is the unlawful killing of another human being with an intentional or criminal intent. In todays world, terrible crimes are being committed daily. Many believe that these criminals deserve one fate: death. Capital punishment, the death penalty, is the maximum sentence used in punishing people who kill another human being - and is a very controversial method of punishment. In most states, a person convicted of first degree murder has the potential to be given the death penalty. Capital punishment is a subject that can be counted upon to stir emotion and controversy into any conversation or argument. The very concept provokes a profusion of valid questions and opinions. Todays daily world of†¦show more content†¦It would serve to scare criminals into not commiting their crime for fear of the ultimate punishment. It seems rational to think that if potential killers are aware that if they commit serious crimes they could be put to death for it, they are less likely to commit these crimes. Another strong point of this concept is the retribution and justice bestowed to society. The community demands a sense of closure, that justice be served. This is imperative for peace to be maintained. If criminals were allowed to get away with such a serious crime as the taking of human life, fear and chaos would rule. A sentence of life in prison is not substantial enough. The government must be trusted to permanently protect its innocent citizens from further crime. The following is a description of a common execution: At 8:30 p.m. the first jolt of 1900 volts of electricity passed through Mr. Evans body. It lasted thirty seconds. Sparks and flames erupted from the electrode tied to Mr. Evans left leg. His body slammed against the straps holding him in the electric chair and his fist clenched permanently. The electrode burst from the strap holding it in place. A large puff of grayish smoke and sparks poured out from under the hood that covered Mr. Evans face. AnShow MoreRelatedBureau Of Justice Statistics : The United States Primary Source For Criminal Justice1439 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment. Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). U.S. Department of Justice. 25 Nov. 2014. Web. Web. 25 Nov. 2014. Bureau of Justice Statistics is the United States primary source for criminal justice statistics. The website has published information on crime, criminal offenders, victims of crime, and the operation of justice systems at all levels of government. According to Bureau of Justice Statistics, â€Å"The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) is a component of the OfficeRead More Capital Punishment Essay - Death Penalty and the Clash of Moral Ideologies1711 Words   |  7 PagesThe Death Penalty and the Clash of Moral Ideologies      Ã‚     Capital punishment is a term which indicates muddled thinking. 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I will say which bible verses may have swayed their opinions of capital punishment, and what they think God has to say about the whole issue. I have opinions from Christians today, who I have asked their opinions on the matter. I will also include churchs

Slavery Through The Ages Of Humans - 812 Words

Slavery Through the Ages Human beings have been in bondage for thousands of years. Slavery originated in early civilizations. It has not only affected our modern world, it has affected the advancement of the human being itself. In most civilizations, humans establish class systems and look upon other humans as if they are â€Å"lesser than† or â€Å"subhuman†. The process of dehumanization is a key psychological factor in why slavery has existed since the formation of civilizations. Dehumanize: to treat someone as though he or she is not a human being (Merriam-Webster). This word and its definition can describe the treatment of multifarious groups of innocent people in this world s past. Slavery is modeled after the domestication of animals (Digital History). During the Agricultural revolution, humans started to domesticate animals. This could have led the move to human domestication. Slavery was used in one of the earliest civilizations, Mesopotamia (Mark). In Hammurabi’s Code many of the laws had protocol that dealt with slaves and slave owners, showing that slavery was present in the civilization. Slavery has affected many civilizations other than Mesopotamia. Slavery in the Middle East and Africa is broadly portrayed in the media today. The use and capture of Muslim/African slaves began in 1453 ( Digital History). Africa and the Middle East were very rich in natural resources and items that gained the attention of Europeans. The opportunity to gain more wealth shiftedShow MoreRelatedThe Modern Slavery that is Taking Place in our World Today1033 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Slavery occurs when one person controls another person, using violence or the threat of violence to maintain that control, exploits them economically, pays them nothing and they cannot walk away.† In 1865, slavery was abolished here in the United States. It states in the thirteen amendment that, â€Å"neither slavery, nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdi ctionRead MoreCause And Effect Of Human Trafficking965 Words   |  4 PagesCause and Effect of Human Trafficking 1 The effect human trafficking has on world today. Human trafficking is victims have been the most disrespect and terrified people in the world. They are sold to slavery either for sex or labor services. The sad part about human trafficking happens right under our noises. I think in some cases of the Unite States some of larger companies that areRead MoreSlavery And The Trans Atlantic Slave Trade866 Words   |  4 PagesI believe that modern America’s slavery is worse than the Trans-Atlantic slave trade in the sense that no one is exempt from slavery and trafficking, and that the people who are put through this suffering are forced to do vile things, especially because today’s society is completely ignorant to the fact that this issue still exists. Slavery and human trafficking still happens to occur under the radar, and can very well be happening right next door. Slavery is worse now because back when the Trans-AtlanticRead MoreHuman Trafficking Outline Speech919 Words   |  4 Pageswith me as soon as possible. Would you still accept the job? B. (thematic statement): Today I will be talking about human trafficking and how this horrible thing started. C. (establish significance): Human trafficking is a modern – day form of slavery of the 21st century. According to www.humantraffickinged.com an estimated of 27 million people are in modern day slavery across the world. Anywhere between 700,000 to 2 million people are trafficked across international borders each year. 80%Read MoreReasons Human Trafficking Should End1144 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Slavery occurs when one person controls another person, using violence or the threat of violence to maintain that control, exploits them economically, pays them nothing and they cannot walk away.† In 1865, slavery was abolished here in the United States. It states in the thirteenth amendment that, â€Å"neither slavery, nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdictionRead MoreThe Violent And Perverse System Of Human Trafficking1198 W ords   |  5 PagesSlavery has been around for ages. There has always been someone forcing others to do their will. But slavery drags on in modern times, especially today. Modern day slavery, otherwise known as human trafficking, is defined by Encyclopedia Britannica as â€Å"...the illegal transport of individuals by force or deception for the purpose of labor, sexual exploitation, or activities in which others benefit financially† (â€Å"Human†). Slavery is not an issue of the past. It has waxed and waned throughout historyRead MoreA Rose For A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs1270 Words   |  6 PagesHarriet who was born into slavery in 1813 near Edenton, North Carolina. The time period where racial slurs had been widely and slavery was very popular. She had not know she was a slave girl until the solid age of six years after her childhood had been demolished. The main idea for publishing this book was to show the hardship she had faced through her childhood and gro wing up as a slave. 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With the help of his owner’s wife he learned enough to start his own education and eventually escaped to freedom. Reading was such a central concern to Douglass for many reasons including: Reading about slavery helps Douglass to understand slavery, Douglass sees reading as knowledge that will help lead to freedom, Douglass through learning to read is able to participateRead MoreSlavery of Today891 Words   |  4 PagesIn my opinion slavery still exists today through racism and prejudice. Prejudice is evident against all kinds of people; poor, rich, black, hispanic, white, old and youn g, male and female. When you are prejudice against someone you put them down, think youre better than them, throw them aside as an outcast, similar to slavery. Martin Luther King Jr. was a huge influence in ending racism and prejudice. Slavery actually still exists today. Although there are no slaves in the United States there

Computer and Basic Operations free essay sample

Computers are complex electronic devices, but their four basic operations (IPOS) are simple. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Computer (computer orientation) Computers are complex electronic devices, but their four basic operations (IPOS) are simple. Almost all computer processing involves si Premium360 Words2 Pages Advantages and Disadvantages of Onlne Games Computer games are indisputably popular among teenagers. Because of their widespread use, many studies provide data on the short- and long-term effects of regularly playing computer games. Some studies conclude there is a link between playing violent video games and tendencies towards violent behavi Premium2659 Words11 Pages What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Computer 1. Disadvantage 1. It destroys your social life and interactions with humans if you do not maintain the balance. 2. It may effect to the destruction of your eye sight due to radiation. 3. It may cause pimples and wrinkles. 4. It may damage your studies and life. 5. Too much time in fron Premium549 Words3 Pages Advantages and Disadvantages of Computer. We will write a custom essay sample on Computer and Basic Operations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Great advancement in the field of science and technology has resulted into the invention of numerous devices, which have made our life easy and comfortable. Among the devices, which are widely used in the present time, is computer. Indeed computer has become basis need of modern people. There is a s1. Disadvantage 1. It destroys your social life and interactions with humans if you do not maintain the balance. 2. It may effect to the destruction of your eye sight due to radiation. 3. It may cause pimples and wrinkles. 4. It may damage your studies and life. 5. Too much time in front of monitor may adverse effect your eye sight and can also make you fat. 6. The way it distracts and can deviate our thoughts and activities towards unproductive activities. 7. It could cause violation of privacy, impact on labor force, health risks, impact on environment, distraction from work, and possible antisocial influences. 8. getting away from their real life and getting into bad lines ADVANTAGES 1. It helps you automate various tasks that you can not do manually. 2. It helps you organize your data and information in a better way. 3. It has much more computing and calculating power then an ordinary human. 4. It may help your work to be a lot easier. 5. It may be the storage of your important data and files. 6. It may be your handy book. 7. It may help you solve problems faster than an ordinary human being can do. 8. It has speed, storage, reliability, consistency and communications. 9. It helps you to find useful information using the Internet. 10. It helps in businesses, factories, offices, schools and homes. Computers are complex electronic devices, but their four basic operations (IPOS) are simple. Almost all computer processing involves simple operations such as adding two numbers or comparing two numbers to see which is larger. What makes todays computer so valuable is that theyre fast and incredibly reliable. Even the least expensive personal computers can perform several million operations per second, and can do so for years without making an error caused by the computers physical components. Actually, almost all computer errors caused by flaws in computer programs or mistakes in the data people supply to [continues]

The Meno Essays - Socratic Dialogues, Dialogues Of Plato, Meno

The Meno The Meno asks the question ?what is virtue and can it be taught. Meno's conversation with Socrates is an attempt to know exactly what virtue means and how it can be defined to come to the decision of whether or not it can in fact be taught to others. But as Meno finds, contrary to his original perceptions as an ethical relativist, he does not know what virtue is, and in his new state of ethical absolutism, cannot therefore teach Socrates what virtue is, for how can one teach what one does not know? It becomes the conclusion amongst the two, that virtue is a divine gift to those who are virtuous, and cannot be taught as it is not knowledge and it cannot be said that there are teachers of it. However, Socrates, through his refutations of Meno's questions and arguments, does not justify his conclusion that it cannot be taught. Several logical fallacies are present within the argument put forth by Socrates. And as Meno states, he has a numbing effect on those around him, such that they might not even notice his failings until a later examination. After exhausting all definitions he has for what virtue is, all of them being countered by Socrates and determined to be inadequate definitions, one of the problem's Meno then has with understanding what virtue is comes from this paradox: How can you try to find out something, when you have no notion at all about what it is? However, the problem Meno has here is not clearly stated. Does he suggest that you either know what you're looking for, and therefore do not need to inquire into it, or you don't know what you're looking for, and therefore cannot inquire into it, because you don't know it? This leads to the question of whether what you know is either the question you want to ask, or the answer to that question. One obviously cannot both know and not know the same thing. However, one can know the question but not the answer. Therefore, you can inquire into something you do not know of, if you know the question you wish to ask. And from this question, you would follow whatever steps are necessary to get the answer, and end up knowing which you did not previously know. However, Socrates puts forth a different perspective here, by attempting to demonstrate his Recollection Theory. This theory purports that inquiry can be impossible in some instances, but what is seen to be learning is in fact the recollection of something previously known. Though Socrates puts forth an admirable effort to support his recollection theory, there is a flaw in his argument. He uses a slave boy to exemplify how the theory works. He sets forth the geometrical problem to the slave boy simply enough; however, with each wrong answer from the boy, he proceeds to lead him closer to the correct conclusion. The boy makes guesses, that Socrates dismisses in small conversation bits with Meno to one side. Right away, this would suggest that he is, in fact, teaching the boy something, whether he will admit to it or not. When the boy suggests the length of the lines be doubled to four to make a square of eight, Socrates immediately speaks with Meno and asks if he is correct , to which Meno replies that the boy is wrong in his assumption. Socrates draws this new square and specifically asks ?Is four times the old one double to which the boy replies no, it is four times. This information was given to him by Socrates. After the boy unsuccessfully tries to determine the answer to Socrates' puzzle again by saying that the line should now be three, Socrates gives the boy the answer by drawing lines bm, mi, ig, gb (top of page forty-nine) and asking him if that is not the answer, to which the boy replies in the affirmative. It is almost puzzling as to why Meno agrees with Socrates that the boy simply answered the question on his own, when he so obviously did not. It could be speculated that given the stature of Socrates at the time, Meno simply couldn't bring himself to disagree, or was so sure of Socrates' wisdom, that he accepted his example as truth. Had it not been for the help of Socrates, the boy might never have known the answer.